| The chemical constituents, bioactivities and poisonous mechanism of toxin plant and their application in medicine |
| 发布时间：2015-11-01 来源： |
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Rongtao Li
Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Campus, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, P. R. China
The pharmacological effect of toxic medicinal plants was generally potent and took effect rapidly. Toxic medicinal plants were successively utilized by traditional Chinese physicians even from the ancient times. The elucidation of the effective components from the toxic medicinal plants and their corresponding toxic mechanism will be helpful for the new drugs exploration. And, the exploration of toxic mechanism will also shed light on the mystery of vital activity. Thus, the study on toxic components and mechanisms was greatly significant in drugs exploration and safe utilization for toxic medicinal plants.
We have conducted systematic study on chemical components, traditional efficacy, and modern pharmacology of more than 20 species of toxic medicinal plants. (1) The comprehensive research on the active constituents of fifteen species of the family Ericaceae. As a result, more than 240 compounds, including 46 new compounds were isolated and identified. Among these new compounds, 24 novel diterpenes with unusual 3, 4-seco or 9, 10-seco grayanane skeletons were isolated. Two new chlorinated multi-acylated 3,4-seco-grayanane diterpenoids, neopierisoids A and B (1-2), were isolated from Pieris japonica. Both compounds showed obvious antifeedant activity against Pieris brassicae with EC50 of 10.07 μg/cm2 for 1 and 5.33 μg/cm2 for 2, indication of toxic properties. Chlorinated 3,4-seco-grayanane diterpenoids in P. japonica may play a defensive role against herbivores. In addition, Grs-6 was proved to be the main compound responsible for cough relief and sputum reduce in Ericaceae plants, and Rs-1 exhibited potential activity on immunoregulation. (2) The chemical components and bioactivities of three medical plants of the family Celastraceae were investigated. Compounds SL-6 and SL-7 showed significant cytotoxicity against A549, DU145, KB, KBvin and MDA-MB-231 cell lines with IC50 values of 0.0012 ~ 0.1306 μM in vitro. Notably, SL-7 was equipotent against the parental KB and drug-resistant KBvin tumor cell lines (IC50 = 4.4 nM), while the corresponding activity of paclitaxel was greatly reduced against the latter cell line. Those results suggested that SL-7 was potential valuable in the study of tumor multidrug resistance. (3) The active anti-HIV compounds in Euphorbia antiquorum were identified. |
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